Castelvecchio is a medieval fortress in the historic center of Verona, on the right bank of the Adige River. Today, the complex houses the Civic Museum of the same name, one of the city’s most important cultural institutions and a major landmark of Scaliger military architecture. Castelvecchio was built during the rule of the Della Scala, the dynasty that governed Verona from 1262 to 1387. It was not conceived only as a noble residence, but as a fortified political and military structure connected to the city walls, the river, and a private escape route. Its original name was Castello di San Martino in Aquaro, taken from the Church of San Martino that once stood in the area of the present Court of Arms. The church is documented as very ancient, and its remains are still visible inside the castle area. The name Castel Vecchio, meaning “Old Castle”, became common only after the Visconti built Castel San Pietro on the hill above Verona. From that moment, the older Scaliger fortress on the Adige needed a new name to distinguish it from the newer defensive stronghold. The complex is important because it combines several layers of Verona’s history: Scaliger rule, Visconti control, Read more [...]
All Castles in Veneto
Veneto’s most important castles include Castelvecchio in Verona, built between 1354 and 1356 by the Della Scala family and now home to a major civic museum. Lake Garda has another key monument, the Scaliger Castle of Malcesine, a medieval fortress overlooking the lake, connected with the Scaliger period and later Venetian rule.
Other important castles are spread across the region. The Castle of Soave is one of Veneto’s best examples of medieval military architecture. Catajo Castle, near Battaglia Terme, was built between 1570 and 1573 for Pio Enea I degli Obizzi. Marostica is known for its Upper and Lower Castles, connected by defensive walls.
Castello degli Ezzelini
Castello degli Ezzelini is a medieval fortress situated at the highest point of Bassano del Grappa, dominating the landscape with its medieval silhouette. Its strategic location underscores its importance: from here, one could oversee the Brenta Valley, monitor enemy movements, and control trade routes that connected the Venetian plain to the Alpine passes. Today, Castello degli Ezzelini continues to fascinate visitors not only with its formidable walls and towers but also with the legends, conflicts, and dramatic historical events associated with the Ezzelini family, one of the most feared dynasties in northern Italy during the Middle Ages. Short History of Castello Degli Ezzelini A defensive structure already existed around the ancient Church of Santa Maria in Colle, and a record from the year 998 confirms fortifications on this elevated site. In the second half of the 12th century, the castle’s destiny changed forever. The Bishop of Vicenza, who owned the complex, granted the castle to Ezzelino I da Romano, the patriarch of what would become the Ezzelini dynasty. Ezzelino I and his descendants did not simply occupy the castle – they turned it into the seat of their power, strengthening existing fortifications and using it as an administrative, military, Read more [...]
Castello Scaligero
Perched dramatically on a rocky promontory at the edge of Lake Garda, Castello Scaligero stands as the defining symbol of the town of Malcesine. The fortress – with its towers, lakeside walls and history-laden corridors – dominates both the skyline of the town and the panorama of the lake. Over centuries, it has witnessed invasions, political turnover, architectural renewals, and now serves as a window into the layered history of the Garda region. For visitors to Malcesine, Castello Scaligero is not only a monument – it is a journey through time, tracing Lombard origins, medieval power struggles, Venetian rule, Austrian fortifications – and ultimately a cherished heritage site offering stunning views over lake and mountains. Short History of Castello Scaligero The location of Castello Scaligero has been significant for centuries. Archaeological evidence suggests that the rocky hill where it stands was in use since ancient times, possibly as early as the late 1st millennium B.C. – even before Roman dominion. However, the fortress as it began to take recognizable shape was constructed by the Lombards (Longobardi) in the early Middle Ages, around the 5th–6th century A.D. Subsequently, in the year 590, the castle suffered destruction at the hands of Read more [...]
Porta San Giorgio
Porta San Giorgio, also known as Porta Trento, is one of the historic gates of Verona, located along the city’s old defensive walls on the left bank of the Adige River. It stands near Lungadige San Giorgio, close to the Church of San Giorgio in Braida and the northern edge of the historic center. The gate marked an important access point into Verona from the river’s left bank. Its location was strategic because it controlled a route connected with the northern approaches to the city, including the road toward Tyrol and the hilly defensive area above Verona. Porta San Giorgio is not only a city gate, but a military structure shaped by several historical periods. Its first phase belongs to the Scaliger fortifications, its Renaissance façade belongs to Venetian Verona, and its inner completion belongs to the Austrian period. Today, Porta San Giorgio is best understood as part of Verona’s defensive landscape. It can be combined with San Giorgio in Braida, the Adige riverfront, Ponte Pietra, the Roman Theatre area, and the northern hillside routes of Verona. Short History of Porta San Giorgio The Scaliger Gate of the 14th Century The earliest Porta San Giorgio belonged to the Read more [...]
Porta San Zeno
Porta San Zeno is a monumental gate in Verona, located in Piazza Bacanal, about 270 meters from the impressive Basilica of San Zeno Maggiore. SHORT HISTORY The gate was designed by the Veronese architect Michele Sanmicheli in 1541, upon returning from his journey in the eastern Mediterranean. Two inscriptions on the front and back of the gate, both dated 1542, suggest that its construction was extremely short, ending in less than a year. The gate was one of the two main entry points to the city, along with Porta San Giorgio, for the visitors who came from the Brenner Pass, a mountain pass through the Alps which forms the border between Italy and Austria. ARCHITECTURE The gate is inserted in the wall delimited to the north by the Bastion of San Procolo and to the south by the Bastion of San Zeno, and is located near the latter. Porta San Zeno has a square plan, with two floors, a large central vaulted entrance and a pavilion roof. The side walkway and the guardroom are located laterally, while other rooms can be found on the upper floor. In the past, the gate was equipped with wooden drawbridges, which were Read more [...]
Porta Liviana
Porta Liviana, also known as Porta di Pontecorvo, is a city gate in Padua, located in Piazzale Pontecorvo. Part of the 16th century walls (Mura Cinquecentesche), the gate now appears detached, and therefore presents itself as an isolated monument. Originally, the walls were linked to the sides of the gate, where today two semicircular niches can be seen. SHORT HISTORY OF PORTA LIVIANA The walls, also known as the Venetian Walls (Mura Veneziane), were built by the Venetian Republic during the first decades of the 16th century, as a project of the captain Bartolomeo d’Alviano. The walls were protected on its west flank by a canal known as Fossa Bastioni. The construction of Porta Liviana was begun immediately after the Siege of Padua from 1509, in the context of the War of the League of Cambrai. It was the first gate to be completed in 1517, and was probably based on a design by the Lugano architect Sebastiano Mariani. The gate was dedicated to Bartolomeo d’Alviano, who died on October 7, 1515. ARCHITECTURE OF PORTA LIVIANA The gate is actually a cube of 16 meters on each side, with the arches of the passage underlined, on the two Read more [...]
Castelvecchio
Castelvecchio, formerly known as Castello della Torlonga, is a fortification in Padua, located in the southern part of the historical center of the city. The castle assumed the name of Castelvecchio (Old Castle) when the construction of Castelnuovo (New Castle) began in 1513. It was also called Castello di Ezzelino, due to the sinister charm evoked by Ezzelino III da Romano, tyrant of Padua in the 13th century. Today, in reference to the lordship of the House of Carrara, it is frequently referred to as Castello Carrarese. SHORT HISTORY OF CASTELVECCHIO The Long Tower (Torlonga) was built in the 9th century in a strategic area, where the Bacchiglione River is dividing into Tronco Maestro and Naviglio. Between the 10th and 11th centuries, the tower was surrounded by a short wall that protected it. In 1237, Ezzelino III da Romano, tyrant of Padua, began building a castle around Torlonga and added another tower. Starting with 1241, Ezzelino planned the repression of the Guelph opposition and thus began to segregate the prisoners in the basement of the new castle and in the towers. In 1256, the Crusaders entered Padua at the behest of Pope Alexander IV and occupied the city. The Read more [...]
